Who designates whether information is classified and its classification level?

The designation of whether information is classified and determining its classification level falls primarily to the originating agency or authority. This is because the agency that creates or collects the information is best positioned to assess the sensitivity and potential impact of the information being disclosed. Each agency has established guidelines and authorities to classify information in accordance with federal standards, such as those provided by the Executive Order 13526, which outlines the classification system.

The originating agency's expertise in handling specific types of information allows them to apply the appropriate classification level that reflects the true nature of the information's sensitivity, thus ensuring that it is adequately protected while still allowing for appropriate sharing when necessary. This helps maintain national security and protects sensitive information from unauthorized disclosure.